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Toyota Supra Mk IV (1993-1998/2002)
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With the fourth generation of the Supra, Toyota took a big leap in the direction of a more super sports car. The new Supra was redesigned from the ground up and featured two completely new engines: naturally aspirated 2JZ-GE 220 hp (164 kW) and 210 ft·lbf (285 N·m) of torque and a twin turbocharged 2JZ-GTE making a whopping 320 hp (239 kW), 315 ft·lbf (427 N·m) of torque. The turbocharged variant could achieve 0–60 mph in 4.6 seconds and 1/4 mile (402 m) in just under 13.1 seconds at over 109 mph (175 km/h). The stock turbos are capable of running around 400 bhp (298 kW) with an unrestricted airflow/exhaust system and an aftermarket boost controller.
The MKIV Supra's twin turbos actually operated in sequential mode instead of the more common parallel mode. The sequential setup featured a pair of small equal sized turbos, with ceramic blades for domestic Japanese market and steel blades for export (USA, UK) markets. At first, all exhaust is routed to the first turbine for reduced lag. This results in boost and enhanced torque as early as 1800 rpm. Approaching 4000 rpm, exhaust is routed to the second turbine for a "pre-boost" mode, although none of the compressor output is used by the engine at this point. Approaching 4500 rpm, the second turbo's output is added to the intake air, and both turbos operate in parallel. Most cars which are advertised as "twin turbo" operate by having the two equally sized turbos constantly running in parallel; the turbos spool up at the same time. The sequential mode was better due to its better low-end response and superior high rpm output.
For this generation, the Supra received a new 6-speed Getrag transmission on the Turbo models while the normally aspirated models made do with a 5-speed manual. Both models were offered with a 4-speed automatic with a manumatic mode. The turbo model used 4-piston brake calipers on the front and 2-piston calipers for the rear. The base model used 2-piston calipers for the front and single caliper for the rear. The turbo models were fitted with 235/45/17 tires on the front and 255/40/17 tires for the rear. The base model used 225/50/16 for the front and 245/50/16 for the rears. All vehicles were equipped with 5-spoke aluminium alloy wheels and a "donut" spare tire on a steel wheel.
Toyota took measures to lose weight compared to the previous model. The Supra featured hollow carpet fibers. Aluminium was used for the hood, targa top (if so equipped), front crossmember, oil pan, and upper A-arms. Other measures included dished out head bolts, magnesium steering wheel, plastic gas cover, gas injected rear spoiler, and a large single exhaust tip. Despite having more features such as dual airbags, traction control, larger brakes, larger wheels, and larger tires, the car was at least 100 lbs lighter than it's predecessor.
For the 1996 model year, the turbo model was only available with the automatic transmission due to OBD2 certification requirements. The targa roof was made standard on all turbo models. For 1997, the manual transmission is back for the optional engine along with a redesign of the tail lights, front fascia, chromed wheels, and other minor changes such as the radio and steering wheel designs. All 1997 models included badges that said, "Limited Edition 15th Anniversary." For 1998, the radio and steering wheel were redesigned once again. The normally aspirated engine was enhanced with VVTI which raised the output by 5 hp and 10 ft lbs of torque. Not all models were available to California due to increased CARB regulations.
MKIV Supras have been modified (larger turbos running 30+ psi (206 kPa) of boost and other, undisclosed tweaks) to produce over 1500 hp (1120 kW) and run the 1/4 mile (402 m) in 7.9 seconds. The stock engines are astonishingly tough, running 900bhp+ (670 kW) as daily drivers without having to update any internal components.
In 1998, Toyota ceased to import the cars to the U.S. from Japan, although the car was last sold in Canada in 1995. They stopped production of the car altogether in 2002 due to a decline in sales.
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